Growing garlic in the UK can be a rewarding endeavour, but like any crop, it comes with its challenges. Let's dive into some common issues and how you can tackle them effectively.
Quick Answer
To successfully grow garlic, ensure well-drained soil, plant in autumn for a strong start, and regularly check for pests and diseases.
Common Garlic Growing Problems
Poor Germination
Poor germination can often be attributed to planting at the wrong time or using unhealthy cloves. Here in the Midlands, the best time to plant garlic is in autumn, around October. This gives the cloves time to establish roots before winter.
Yellowing Leaves
Yellowing leaves can indicate several issues, from nutrient deficiencies to waterlogging. Ensure your garlic has well-drained soil, and consider a soil test to check for nutrient imbalances. A balanced fertiliser in early spring can also help.
Pests and Diseases
Rust
Garlic rust is a common fungal disease that leaves orange spots on the foliage. To manage rust, avoid overhead watering and ensure good air circulation by spacing plants adequately. Remove affected leaves to prevent spread.
Onion Fly
The onion fly can wreak havoc on garlic by laying eggs at the base of the plant. Covering young plants with horticultural fleece can provide a physical barrier against these pests.
Optimising Garlic Growth
Soil Preparation
Garlic thrives in well-drained soil with plenty of organic matter. Before planting, work in some well-rotted manure or compost to enrich the soil. A pH level of around 6.5 is ideal.
Watering and Mulching
While garlic needs regular watering, especially during dry spells, overwatering can lead to rot. Use mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds, but ensure it's not too thick to prevent waterlogging.
Garlic Growing Calendar
| Month | Task | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| October | Plant cloves | Ensure well-drained soil |
| March | Fertilise | Use a balanced fertiliser |
| June | Check for rust | Remove affected leaves |
| July | Harvest | When leaves turn yellow |
Key Tips for Healthy Garlic
- Plant in autumn for a head start
- Ensure well-drained, nutrient-rich soil
- Protect from pests with physical barriers
- Monitor for diseases like rust
Frequently Asked Questions
Why are my garlic bulbs small?
Small bulbs can result from planting cloves too shallow, poor soil nutrition, or overcrowding. Ensure proper spacing and soil conditions.
Can I plant garlic in spring?
While autumn is preferred, spring planting is possible. Use early-maturing varieties and expect smaller yields.
How do I store harvested garlic?
After harvesting, dry garlic in a warm, airy place for two weeks. Store in a cool, dry location, ideally hanging in bunches.