Solar needs no wiring and costs nothing to run, but brightness and runtime depend on how much sun the panel receives - noticeably less in a UK winter. Mains or low-voltage lighting gives consistent output and is better where reliability matters, such as security lighting.

IP44 is the minimum for a sheltered spot such as under a porch. IP65 suits fully exposed positions that will be rained on directly. For lights set into the ground or near a pond you want IP67 or IP68.

Low-voltage (12V or 24V) plug-in systems and solar lights are DIY-friendly. Installing a new mains circuit outdoors is notifiable work under Part P of the Building Regulations in England and Wales, so that part should be done by a qualified electrician.

They will work but for shorter periods, because the days are short and the sun is low. Position the panel facing south with nothing shading it, keep the panel clean, and expect reduced runtime between November and February.

Around 2700K to 3000K gives a warm white that suits patios and planting. Cooler 4000K and above reads as brighter and more functional, which works better for security lights, driveways and workspaces.